9/13/2023 0 Comments How to cite google earth pro apa![]() ![]() Scientists argue that they still have to understand what kind of transformations can be expected depending on the temperature, how pervasive theses transformations will be in the various environments, when and what points of no return can be identified, which short and long-term consequences may be foreseen, and who are the most exposed biological subjects and most vulnerable societies. These activities produce a flux of complex variance with setbacks related also to mental health ( 1). Human activities have altered the atmospheric composition, producing a greenhouse effect leading to global warming. Our climate is changing, with an unequivocal regional effect such as heath waves, floods, and droughts. Since the 1970’s scientists have been trying to understand processes related to environmental factors that lead to climate change. In addition, the consequences of exposure to extreme or prolonged weather-related events can also be delayed, encompassing disorders such as posttraumatic stress, or even transmitted to later generations. ![]() Acute events can act through mechanisms similar to that of traumatic stress, leading to well-understood psychopathological patterns. Perhaps it is also worth underlining that in some papers the connection between climatic events and mental disorders was described through the introduction of new terms, coined only recently: ecoanxiety, ecoguilt, ecopsychology, ecological grief, solastalgia, biospheric concern, etc.Ĭonclusions: The effects of climate change can be direct or indirect, short-term or long-term. Moreover, climate change also affects different population groups who are directly exposed and more vulnerable in their geographical conditions, as well as a lack of access to resources, information, and protection. The phenomenology of the effects of climate change differs greatly-some mental disorders are common and others more specific in relation to atypical climatic conditions. It has been shown that climate change acts on mental health with different timing. Lack of literature is perhaps due to the complexity and novelty of this issue. However, the delay in studies on climate change and mental health consequences is an important aspect. Results: Climate change has an impact on a large part of the population, in different geographical areas and with different types of threats to public health. Review of literature was then divided into specific areas: the course of change in mental health, temperature, water, air pollution, drought, as well as the exposure of certain groups and critical psychological adaptations. We looked for the association between classical psychiatric disorders such as anxiety schizophrenia, mood disorder and depression, suicide, aggressive behaviors, despair for the loss of usual landscape, and phenomena related to climate change and extreme weather. The total number of articles and association reports was 445. Methods: Literature available on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library until end of June 2019 were reviewed. ![]() However, there is a clear lack in psychiatric studies on mental disorders linked to climate change. Rising temperatures, heat waves, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, droughts, fires, loss of forest, and glaciers, along with disappearance of rivers and desertification, can directly and indirectly cause human pathologies that are physical and mental. The consequences of climate change on exposed biological subjects, as well as on vulnerable societies, are a concern for the entire scientific community. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italyīackground: Climate change is one of the great challenges of our time.
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